Public debt has surged globally since the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Japan, Greece, and Italy lead advanced economies in debt-to-GDP ratios, while many emerging markets face rising debt burdens that constrain their policy space. This ranking covers all IMF member countries.
Key Data Points
France, United States, Greece, Germany, Italy, Japan, China, United Kingdom -- Gov debt (% GDP)
Gov debt (% GDP)
France
116.5%
2025-01-01International Monetary Fund
Gov debt (% GDP)
United States
30,322.8%
2025-09-30Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED)
Gov debt (% GDP)
Greece
146.7%
2025-01-01International Monetary Fund
Gov debt (% GDP)
Germany
64.4%
2025-01-01International Monetary Fund
Gov debt (% GDP)
Italy
136.8%
2025-01-01International Monetary Fund
Gov debt (% GDP)
Japan
229.6%
2025-01-01International Monetary Fund
Gov debt (% GDP)
China
96.3%
2025-01-01International Monetary Fund
Gov debt (% GDP)
United Kingdom
103.4%
2025-01-01International Monetary Fund
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